Search results for “ghost work”

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ArticleOpen access
The people behind the label: working conditions in India's data annotation industry
Prof. Daniel Okonkwo, Aisha Khan, Dr. Hannah Weiss
Journal of AI Ethics & Society2025Computer Science52 citations
Machine learning depends on annotation labour that its literature rarely describes. Drawing on 68 interviews with annotators and eleven with managers across nine firms in Bengaluru, Kochi and Bhubaneswar, we document a labour process organi…
https://doi.org/10.53456/jaies.2025.7.4.401
BookOpen access
Algorithmic Governance in the Global South
Dr. Priya Venkataraman, Prof. Daniel Okonkwo
Lighthouse Studies in Technology & Society2026Computer Science
Most writing on algorithmic governance describes systems built in San Francisco and deployed on Californians. This volume describes systems built elsewhere, or built there and deployed here, and what happened next. Fourteen contributors acr…
https://doi.org/10.53456/book.2026.algorithmic-
JournalOpen access
Journal of AI Ethics & Society
Dr. Priya Venkataraman, IIIT Hyderabad
Quarterly · ISSN 2456-81712019Computer Science
The social, legal and normative dimensions of machine learning systems — fairness, accountability, governance and the labour that trains them.

The people behind the label: working conditions in India's data annotation industry