ArticleOpen access
Reading gains from first-language instruction in multilingual primary classrooms: a two-year study in 46 Karnataka schools
Dr. Ishita Barua, Prof. Suresh Nair, Rukmini Shetty
Lighthouse Journal of Education & Pedagogy2026Education & Language22 citations
… to the common objection, 0.23 SD in English decoding — the transfer effect the bridging literature predicts and the policy debate consistently discounts. Gains were largest for children whose home language was neither Kannada nor English.
https://doi.org/10.53456/ljep.2026.9.1.45
